Myelin: muhimmin bangaren iyawa
Myelin, wani insulator neural wanda ya ƙunshi lipoprotein wanda ke rufe zaruruwan jijiyoyi, an bayyana shi azaman yuwuwar sirri bayan ci gaban iyawa y talanti mutane. Wannan binciken ya kawo sauyi ta yadda muka fahimci yadda halaye na asali da kuma abubuwan da aka samu ke hulɗa a fagen hazaka da basirar ɗan adam. Ta yaya wannan sinadari ke gudanar da tasiri ga iyawarmu sosai?
Kowane ikon ɗan adam, tun daga wasan ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa zuwa yin wani yanki na fasaha na kiɗa kamar Bach's, ya samo asali ne a cikin sarƙaƙƙiyar sarkar zaruruwan jijiyoyi waɗanda ke watsa ƴan ƙanƙantar motsin wutar lantarki ta hanyar kewayawa. Wannan shine inda myelin ke taka muhimmiyar rawa: yana kewaye da zaruruwan jijiyoyi, kama da yadda rufin roba ke nannade wayar tagulla, yana tabbatar da cewa siginar tafiya ta fi. azumi y mai karfi. Wannan tsari na "rubutu" ta myelin yana hana motsin wutar lantarki daga tserewa, yana sauƙaƙe watsawa mai inganci da daidai.
Ta yaya fasaha ke tasowa ta hanyar myelin?
Lokacin da muke yin wata fasaha, kamar kunna kayan kiɗa ko yin motsin wasanni, myelin ɗinmu yana amsawa ta wata hanya dabam. tsauri. Tare da kowane maimaita wannan aikin, wannan abu yana ƙarfafawa kuma yana daɗaɗɗen da'irar jijiyoyi, yana rufe zaruruwan jijiya tare da ƙarin yadudduka. Kowane sabon Layer yana inganta sauri da daidaiton sigina da ke tafiya ta waɗannan da'irori. Don haka, mafi kauri Layer na myelin. mafi insulated za a sami kewayawar jijiyoyi kuma, sabili da haka, ƙari m zai zama aiwatar da dabarun mu.
Wannan yana nufin cewa ta hanyar aiwatar da fasaha akai-akai kuma da gangan, muna a zahiri sake saitawa kwakwalwarmu da inganta karfin mu. Ta wannan hanyar, ra'ayoyi irin su "aiki na gangan" suna samun ingantaccen tushen ilimin halitta, yana nuna cewa baiwa ba kawai ta asali ba ce, amma. zai iya bunkasa sosai.
Matsayin myelin a cikin basira
Myelin yana da halaye masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda ke bayyana tasirin sa akan samun baiwa:
- Yana da duniya: Duk 'yan adam suna da ikon haɓaka myelin. Ko da yake wannan tsari yana faruwa da sauri a lokacin ƙuruciya, yana iya ci gaba a duk rayuwa, ma'ana haka bai yi latti ba don koyo da ingantawa.
- Yana da rashin bambanci: Girman ku bai iyakance ga takamaiman nau'in fasaha ba. Ko fasaha ce, wasan motsa jiki ko ƙwarewa, myelin yana taka rawa iri ɗaya a cikin su duka.
- Ba shi yiwuwa: Kodayake ba za mu iya gani ko jin myelin kai tsaye ba, tasirinsa yana bayyana a cikin namu ingantattun basira kuma a cikin saurin halayen mu.
- Yana ba mu sabon tsari don fahimtar koyo: Fahimtar yadda myelin ke ƙarfafa da'irar jijiyoyinmu yana ba da cikakken bayani na kimiyya game da yadda muke samu da kuma inganta ƙwarewarmu.
Myelin a matsayin mai ban mamaki a wasanni da basirar fasaha
Masu bincike sun samo misalai masu ban sha'awa na yadda myelin zai iya bayyana bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin aikin mutum. Alal misali, a fagen wasanni, Tiger Woods da Ronaldinho an ambaci su a matsayin misalan hazaka na musamman, wani bangare saboda girman kai. myelin yawa a cikin da'irar jijiyoyin da ke da alhakin takamaiman iyawarsu.
A Brazil, an yi nazarin lamarin da aka fi sani da "jogo bonito" dangane da myelin. Tsananin aikin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, inda raguwar sarari da amfani da ƙaramin ƙwallon ke ci gaba da ƙalubalantar ƴan wasa, yana ƙara haɓaka. taba kwallon har zuwa 600%. Wannan yana ƙarfafa mahimman da'irar jijiyoyi, yana haifar da haɓaka haɓaka ƙwarewar gasa. Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa muhalli da kuma aiwatar da hanyoyin na iya zama mai yanke hukunci a cikin myelination.
Hakazalika, a fagen fasaha, babban misali shine ƴan'uwan Brontë, waɗanda suka haɓaka ƙwarewar adabi ta musamman ta hanyar aiki mai ƙarfi da aiki akai tun suna ƙanana. Kowane ƙoƙari da maimaitawa a cikin rubuce-rubucensa na ƙuruciyarsa sun ƙarfafa jijiyoyi, gina a m tushe don ƙwararrunsa na gaba.
Yadda ake ƙarfafa myelin da haɓaka koyo
Dangane da binciken kwanan nan, yana yiwuwa a haɓaka ci gaban myelin ta hanyar takamaiman ayyuka:
- Aiki mai tsanani da gangan: Maimaita fasaha tare da mai da hankali da hankali ba wai kawai yana ƙarfafa da'irori da ake da su ba, har ma yana haifar da sababbi, yana haɓaka ƙarfin mu.
- Rushe ƙwararrun ƙwarewa: Rage motsi ko fasaha ƙasa zuwa matakai masu sauƙi yana ba ku damar ƙarfafa ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaiku kafin haɗa su gaba ɗaya.
- Kuskuren kuskure: Yin kuskure da gyara su yana da mahimmanci don ingantawa. Myelin yana amsawa sosai ga ƙoƙarin shawo kan kurakurai.
- Juriya akan lokaci: Yana da mahimmanci don kula da aikin a kan lokaci don tabbatar da cewa an ƙarfafa canje-canjen jijiyoyi a cikin tsari mai ɗorewa.
Tasirin myelin akan tsufa da cututtukan neurodegenerative
Kodayake myelination wani tsari ne wanda ke faruwa da farko a lokacin ƙuruciya da matasa, bincike na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa yana da tasiri a lokacin tsufa. A cikin shekaru da yawa, lalatawar myelin na iya taimakawa wajen raguwar Gudanar da aiki da asarar basira. Ana lura da wannan musamman a cikin cututtukan neurodegenerative irin su sclerosis da yawa da Alzheimer's, inda demyelination yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Ana haɓaka hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, kamar amfani da su promyelinating kwayoyi, don magance waɗannan tasirin. Waɗannan dabarun ba wai kawai suna mayar da hankali kan rage raguwar fahimi ba, har ma a kan haɓaka ƙarfafa da'irar jijiyoyi a cikin manya.
Gano yadda myelin ke rinjayar iyawarmu yana ba mu fahimtar juyin juya hali game da koyan ɗan adam. Godiya ga wannan ilimin, mun fahimci cewa basira ba ta dawwama kuma ba ta zama na asali ba, amma ana iya haɓakawa da inganta ta ta hanyar aiki da gangan kuma akai-akai. Kowane maimaitawa, kowane ƙoƙari da kowane ƙoƙari na gazawar yana kusantar da mu zuwa ga burinmu. Matsakaicin yuwuwar.